Compost Calculator - Technical Details

Calculator      How to Use      Technical Details

The Compost Calculator takes the quantity of each material that you provide and calculates the carbon/nitrogen ratio of the resulting combination based upon approximate ratios for each of the materials.

C/N Ratios: We are using the following carbon/nitrogen values for each ingredient:

Material Carbon Nitrogen C/N Ratio
Alfalfa (hay, dry) 40.000 2.250 17.778
Alfalfa (pellets) 40.500 2.700 15.000
Blood meal 43.000 13.000 3.308
Cardboard (dry) 40.000 0.100 400.000
Coffee grounds 25.000 1.000 25.000
Cottonseed meal 42.000 6.000 7.000
Fruit waste 8.000 0.500 16.000
Grass (hay, dry) 40.000 1.250 32.000
Grass clippings (fresh) 12.500 1.500 8.333
Kitchen waste 15.000 1.500 10.000
Leaves (dead) 27.500 0.700 39.286
Manure (cattle, fresh) 16.000 0.800 20.000
Manure (chickens-broiler, fresh) 26.250 1.650 15.909
Manure (chickens-laying, fresh) 15.250 1.800 8.472
Manure (horse, fresh) 27.500 0.750 36.667
Newspaper (dry) 40.000 0.100 400.000
Oat straw (dry) 48.000 0.500 96.000
Sawdust 37.500 0.100 375.000
Seaweed (fresh) 10.000 1.000 10.000
Soybean meal 42.000 6.000 7.000
Vegetable waste (leafy, fresh) 10.000 1.000 10.000
Vegetable wastes (starchy) 15.000 1.000 15.000
Weeds (fresh) 15.000 2.500 6.000
Wheat straw (dry) 48.000 0.500 96.000

The Calculation: For each ingredient we:

  1. Calculate the carbon value: (Quantity of ingredient) X (Carbon Value of ingredient) = Carbon Value
  2. Calculate the nitrogen value: (Quantity of ingredient) X (Nitrogen Value of ingredient) = Nitrogen Value
  3. Total all the carbon values to get Total Carbon Value
  4. Total all the nitrogen values to get Total Nitrogen Value
  5. Calculate the C/N ratio: C/N Ratio = Total Carbon Value/Total Nitrogen Value

Here is an example:

Ingredients:
10 buckets of horse manure with a carbon value of 27.5 and a nitrogen value of 0.75
2 buckets of dried grass with a carbon value of 40 and a nitrogen value of 1.25

Carbon Value:
Carbon Value from horse manure = 27.5 X 10 = 275 Carbon Value from dried grass = 40 X 2 = 80 Total Carbon Value = 275 + 80 = 355

Nitrogen Value:
Nitrogen Value from horse manure = 0.75 X 10 = 7.5 Nitrogen Value from dried grass = 1.25 X 2 = 2.5 Total Nitrogen Value = 10

C/N Ratio:
Carbon/Nitrogen = 355/10 = 36 (these numbers are approximate, so rounding is fine)

This example mix is just a tiny bit over our desired maximum value of 35.0. That means it needs a little less carbon or a bit more nitrogen.

Say we add 1/4 bucket of blood meal. This will increase the carbon by 43 X 0.25 = 10.75 and the nitrogen by 13 X 0.25 = 3.25. Our new values will be Total Carbon = 366 and Total Nitrogen = 13. Our new ratio is 366/13 = 28. That's nicely in the range we want (25 - 35) and should produce great compost.